Lubricant compositions

ABSTRACT

1. A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING: (A) FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 60%, BY WEIGHT, OF A STRAIGHT-CHAIN FATTY ALCOHOL HAVING FROM 1 TO ABOUT 18 CARBON ATOMS; (B) FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 70% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDROCARBON FRACTION HAVING A VISCOSITY BETWEEN ABOUT 28 AND ABOUT 100 SUS AT 100*F.; (C) FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 20%, BY WEIGHT OF AN ESTER ACID HAVING FROM ABOUT 8 TO ABOUT 22 CARBON AT FATTY (D) FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 30% BY WEIGHT, OF AN ESTER OF A FATTY ACID HAVING FROM ABOUT 8 TO ABOUT 22 CARBON ATOMS AND A FATTY ALCOHOL HAVING FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 18 CARBON ATOMS; (E) FROM ABOUT 0.1 TO ABOUT 10% BY WEIGHT, OF AN ORGANIC AMINE; AND (F) FROM ABOUT 0.1 TO ABOUT 50%, BY WEIGHT, OF A NONIONIC EMULSIFIER.

United States Patent Oflice 3,840,462 Patented Oct. 8', 1974 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Lubricant compositions, particularly roll-oils, are pro vided, comprising in combination, a straight-chain fatty alcohol having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon fraction having a viscosity between about 28 and 100 SUS at 100 F., a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, an ester of a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a fatty alcohol having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, an organic amine, and a non-ionic emulsifier.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS Austrian application 3,036/72, filed Apr. 7, 1972, priority for which is claimed.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION (1 Field of the Invention This invention relates to lubricants which are suitable for the cold rolling of metals and their alloys. In one of its more specific aspects, the invention relates to cold rolling of aluminum and aluminum alloys and to roll-oil compositions adapted for such use. Still more particularly, in this aspect, the invention relates to lubricant compositions in the form of aluminum roll-oils which are not susceptible of causing white corrosion staining, thus reducing surface brightness of the metal, and other undesirable corrosion.

(2 Description of the Prior Art Prior to the present invention, various lubricant formu:

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, it is now possible to provide improved lubricant compositions, 'particularly adapted for use as roll-oil lubricants in the working of metals such as aluminum and its alloys, in which undesirable white corrosion staining and reduction of metal surface brightness is avoided as well as achieving reduction of brown staining at annealing temperature,

(a) From about 5 to about 60% by weight, of a straightchain fatty alcohol having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms,

fully here:

oxyacids function as corrosion inhibitors; and the (b) from about 5 to about 70%, by weight, of a hydrocarbon fraction having a viscosity between about'28' and about SUS'at 100 F., and minor amount's'of (c) a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, a

(d) an ester of a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a fatty alcohol having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms, 1

(e) an organic amine, and i (f) from about 0.1 to about 50%, by weight, of a nonionic emulsifier.

In preferred modifications (a) is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 35%, by weight; (b) is present in an amount from about 5 to about 48%, by weight; (c) is present in an amount from about 1 to about 10%, by weight; (d) is present in an amount from about 1 to about 20%, by weight; (e) is present in an amount from about 0.1 to about 5%, by weight; and (f) is present in an amount from about 0.1 to about 50%, by weight.

If so desired, various other improver additive components may be incorporated in the novel lubricantcomposition. Thus, for example, the lubricant composition may also contain, as an additional component, a fatty acid amine soap in an amount from about 0.5 to about 5%, by weight. Other additional components may include amine compounds of organic oxyacids in an amount from about 1 to about 5 by weight, and also glycols in an amount from about 5 to about 30%, by weight. In a preferred modification component (b) may comprise a petroleum hydrocarbon fraction having an initial boiling point of from about 350 F. to about 525 F. and an end boiling point of from about 500 F. to about 620 F. Preferably, in the cold rolling of aluminum, the lubricant composition is employed in combination with water in lubricant concentrations of from about 1 to about 40%, by weight.

In the above-described lubricant compositions, and modifications thereof component (a) is present for the purpose of imparting film strength; component (b) is employed for imparting lubricity; component (c) is employed for imparting film strength and lubricity; component (d) is also employed for imparting lubricity; component (e) is employed as a corrosion inhibitor when employed in the form of a relatively high molecular weight amine, and as a preventor of white staining when employed in the form of a relatively low molecular weight amine; and component (f), as indicated, comprises the emulsifier. When employed as additional components, thefattyvacid amine soap functions as a lubricating agent and a corrosion inhibitor; the amine compounds of organic glycols function as solubilizers.

Exemplary of the straight-chain C C fatty alcohol component (a) are lauryl, myristyl and palmityl alcohols ormixtures thereof. Exemplary of the hydrocarbon fraction of component (b) are narrow-cut high flash point oleic acids. Exemplary of the esters of fatty acids having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a fatty alcohol having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms of component (d) are methyloleate, butylmyristate, lauryl.

isostearate, and oleylcaprylate. Exemplary of the organic amine of component (e) are diethanolamine, amino-meth- ,.ylpropanol or mixtures of various alkylamines. Exemplary of the non-ionic emulsifier of component (f) are fatty acid alkylolamide and/ or polyglycols or a mixture of polyglycols containing from 5-30 moles of ethyleneoxide derived from fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols and/ l or polymerization products of ethyleneoxide and propyleneoxide. Exemplary of the fatty acid amine soaps are Y .5 Y 3 triethanolamineoleate or the laurate of 'aminomethylprm panol. Exemplary of the amine compound of organic oxyacids are the diethanolamine salt of a the-- p-hydrox-y-ben- DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS The following examples and data will serve to illustrate the novel lubricant formulations of the present invention and'their efficacy in the cold-rolling of metals.

The following oil-in-water roll-oil emulsions were prepared, as shown in the table and the degree of reduction in a single pass was determined on a foil rolling mill at a speed of 100 meters per minute. The initial thickness of the foil was 0.035 mm. The foil width was 420 mm. Lubricant A comprised an emulsion type fluid and lubricant B comprised'a translucent type fluid. All measurements were recorded in percent by weight.

. Each of the above lubricant formulations were subjected to an experimental test on a finishing mill. This mill had a roll diameter of 50 mm. and a roll width of .up to 140 mm. ,With loads up to 100 kp./cm. reductionsup to 85% were obtained. The surfaces of the individualfoils and strips were excellent and free of appreciable evidence of white staining or other forms of corrosion.

As hereinbefore indicated, the improved lubricant com positions of the present invention may be employed as either emulsion type or translucent type roll-oil fluids.

These lubricants are soluble in water in concentrations of' from about 1 to about 40%, by weight. They are filterable through filter, earth-beds, paper, diffusion stones'and similar materials, without deterioration or additive depletion to a pore width of the filter material of less'than 0.3- microns. The rolling fluid containing a combination'of selected additives exhibits a synergistic effect with respect to the straight-chain alcohol and the fatty acid ester 'and/ or the fatty acid.

These lubricant fluids are biodegradable to a very high degree and are readily disposed. They exhibit good storage stability, particularly when employed in the emulsion form, and exhibit no rust formation on mills, rolls' andon'the material being rolled, with no formation of white or br'o'w'n staining. Particularly with the translucent rolling fluid formulations, very bright surfaces can be obtained which are superior to those obtainable with common rollingoils, employing hydrocarbon fractions. The reducti'on ability to be eflected is comparable with that of conven 1 for i olling, l ro iqessesconducted 'at;extremely high Speeds:-

One of the most important features of the present rolling oils istheirability'to withstandhigh rolling 'speeds'u'p to 2,000 meters per minute and higher. By simple rearrangement of the formula components and adjustment of the specific rolling apparatus employed, rolling procedudres are possible which exhibit'highspeed-low speed, high reduction-low reduction, relatively dull surfaces-bright surfaces.

In essence, the particular combination of lubricant components, in the quantities hereinbefore described affords unusual'proper ties not otherwise observed with lubricant compositions containing other components or similar components which are present in amounts falling outside the aforementioned critical range.

It will be understoodthat although the present invention has been described with preferred embodiments, various modifications and adaptations thereof may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as those skilled in the art will readily understand.

I claim:

1. A lubricant composition comprising:

(a)- from about 5 to about 60%, by weight, of a straight-chain fatty alcohol having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms; (b) from about 5 to about by weight, of a hydrocarbon fraction having a viscosity between about 28 and about 100 SUS at 100 F.',

(c) from about 1 to about 20%, by weight, of a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms;

(d) from about 1 to about 30%, by weight, of an ester of a fatty acid having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a fatty alcohol having from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms;

(e) from about 0.1 to about 10%, by weight, of an organic amine; and

(f) from about 0.1 to about 50%, by Weight, of a nonionic emulsifier.

. 2. A lubricant composition as defined in Claim 1 wherein said lubricant is employed in combination with water in lubricant concentrations of from about 1 to about 40%,- by weight. 1

. 3. A lubricant composition as defined in Claim 1 wherein (a) is present in an amount of from about 5 to about 35%, by weight; (b) is present in an amount from about 5 to about 48%, by weight; (c) is present in an amount from about 1 to about 10%, by weight; (d) is present in an amount from about 1 to about 20%, by weight; (e) is present in an amount from about 0.1 to about 5%, by weight; and (f) is present in an amount from about 0.1 to about 10%, by weight.

4. A lubricant composition as defined in Claim 1 wheren (b) comprises a petroleum hydrocarbon fraction havmg an initial boiling point of from about 350 F. to about 525 F. and an end boiling point of from about 500 F. to about 620 F.

5. A lubricant composition as defined in Claim 1 where- 111 (a) comprises from about 20 to about 35%, by weight, lauryl alcohol; (b) comprises from about 16.5 to about 44.2%, by weight, of a mineral oil having a viscosity of 40 S US at 100 F.; (0) comprises about 5 by weight, lauric acid; (d) comprises about 10%, by weight, butyl stearate; (e) comprises from about 1.8 to 4%, by weight, diethanolamine; and (-f) comprises from about 1 to about 24.5 by weight, octylphenoxyethanol.

6. olling of metals and their alloys, the method of lubricating which comprises applying to the metal or alloy, at a point prior to the Work rolls, a lubricant composition as defined in Claim. 1.

tional rolling oils and in many instances exhibit superiority ,7. In. the rolling of metals and their alloys, the method of lubricatingwhich comprises applying to the metal or alloy, at a point prior to the workrolls, a lubricant composition as defined in Claim 2.

8. 1n the rolling of metals and their alloys, the method of lubricating which comprises applying to the metal or References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Cafcas 25234.7 X Teeter et a1. 25234.7

Lake 25234.7

Hornus 25234.7 X Teeter et a1. 25234.7

HELEN M. S. SNEED, Primary Examiner Beale 25234.7 X Bouhuys 25234.7 X Laug 25234.7 Cafcas et a1 25234.7 X 10 R, 56 R US. Cl. X.'R. 

1. A LUBRICANT COMPOSITION COMPRISING: (A) FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 60%, BY WEIGHT, OF A STRAIGHT-CHAIN FATTY ALCOHOL HAVING FROM 1 TO ABOUT 18 CARBON ATOMS; (B) FROM ABOUT 5 TO ABOUT 70% BY WEIGHT OF A HYDROCARBON FRACTION HAVING A VISCOSITY BETWEEN ABOUT 28 AND ABOUT 100 SUS AT 100*F.; (C) FROM ABOUT 1 TO ABOUT 20%, BY WEIGHT OF AN ESTER ACID HAVING FROM ABOUT 8 TO ABOUT 22 CARBON AT FATTY 